HTML I Notes

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Horizontal Rule

The <HR> tag produces a horizontal line spread across the width of the browser window.

Attributes of  <HR> tag

Attribute

Value

Align

Left

Center

right

Noshade

Noshade

Size (Thickness)

pixels

Width (length of the horizontal rule)

pixels%

 

Prog1. Write html code to display 2D and 3D horizontal rules using all its attributes.

<HTML>

<HEAD>

<TITLE> Horizontal Rules </TITLE>

</HEAD>

<BODY>

The <HR> tag produces a horizontal line spread across the width of the browser window.

The following rules have absolute widths of 80 and 150

<HR SIZE=36 WIDTH=80 align= left> <BR>

<HR SIZE=50 WITH=200 noshade>

</BODY>

</HTML>

 

Comments <!-- and -->

Comments are one type of textual content which appear in HTML code, but are not rendered by user’s browser.

Prog2. Write HTML code to display the usage of comments.

<HTML>

<HEAD>

<TITLE> Horizontal Rules </TITLE>

</HEAD>

<BODY>

<!-- This command will not be rendered by the browser -->

Honesty is the best policy.

Honesty is the best policy.

Honesty is the best policy.

Honesty is the best policy.

</BODY>

</HTML>

LOGICAL AND PHYSICAL TEXT STYLES

HTML has two types of styles for individual words or sentences: Logical and physical styles.

Logical text styles-

<DFN> for a word being defined.

Typically displayed in italics

<EM>  for emphasis

Typically displayed in italics

<CITE>  for titles of books, films etc.

Typically displayed in italics

<CODE> for computer code

Displayed in a fixed width font

<KBD> for user keyboard entry

Typically displayed in plain fixed-width font

<SAMP> for a sequence of literal characters

Displayed in a fixed-width font

<STRONG> for strong emphasis

Typically displayed in bold

<VAR>  for a variable

Typically displayed in italics

 

 

Physical Text Styles-

<B> Bold text

<I> italic text

<TT> Typewriter text e.g., fixed-width font

<U> Underlined text

 

Special Characters-

Three ASCII characters- the left angle bracket (<), the right angle bracket (>) and the ampersand (&) have special meanings in HTML and therefore cannot be used as it is in text.

 

&lt; the escape sequence for <

&gt; the escape sequence for >

&amp; the escape sequence for &


Prog3. "Write an HTML program to display text in bold, italic, and underlined styles."

 ANS- <HTML>

<HEAD>

<TITLE> Bold, Italics, Underline </TITLE>

</HEAD>

<BODY>

<B><I><U> honesty is the best policy. </U></I></B>

</BODY>

</HTML>


Lists in HTML

Lists are an important part of a document. Whether it is a word document or pdf document or web document. It adds functionality to understand the contents clearly. In your textbook you have seen the list of questions, points are listed in numbers or symbols!
 
This information makes your text and document contents more attractive and readable.

Types of Lists in HTML

HTML support three types of lists basically. They are:
    1. Ordered (Numbered) Lists – A list with numbers. 
    2. Unordered (Bulleted) Lists – A list with symbols or bullets
    3. Description (Definition) Lists – A list to write definitions or terminologies

Ordered (Numbered) Lists

To generate order lists in HTML following tags are used:
  1. OL: The ordered lists always starts with <ol> and ends with </ol>. 
  2. LI: LI tag specifies list items and written between <ol> and </ol>. For a number of the list items, the same number of <li> tags are required.

PROG 1

 

PROG2 
UNORDERED LIST:-

PROG3

<html>

<head>

     <title>unordered list</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h2>Example of unordered list in circle</h2>

    <ul type=circle>

        <li>sachin</li>

        <li>manoj</li>

    </ul>

    <h2>Example of unordered list in disk</h2>

    <ul type=disk>

        <li>Priya</li>

        <li>Mohit</li>

    </ul>

    <h2>Example of unordered list in square</h2>

    <ul type=square>

        <li>Pinky</li>

        <li>Punam</li>

    </ul>

    <h2>Example of unordered list in none</h2>

    <ul type="none">

        <li>Mukti</li>

        <li>Dhama</li>

    </ul>

</body>

</html>

Prog4

What is a nested list? Explain with the help of an example in HTML.  

Ans . A list inside another list is known as a nested list. Nested list are useful when subcategories of the items to be listed.

Example-

<html>

<head>

<title> nested list </title>

<head> 

<body>

<ol>

<li> Monday </li>

<ul>

<li> English </li>

<li> Mathematics </li>

</ul>

<li> Tuesday </li>

</ol>

</body>

</html>

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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