CLASS IX BASICS OF OPERATING SYSTEM

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1. Multiple choice questions:- 

i. When the computer has to react within a guaranteed time to an input, which type of operating system is best?

 a. Multi-tasking b. Real time processing c. Batch Processing

 ii. Which type of operating system allows multiple tasks to run at the same time, each taking turns using the resources of the computer? 

a. Real- time processing b. batch processing c. multi-tasking 

iii. Which of the following is NOT an operating system?

 a. Linux b. Windows XP c. Bendix 


2. What is an operating system? Answer:An operating system is a system software that acts as an interface between the user and the hardware resources.

3. Name any two commonly used operating system. 
Answer: Windows 7 and Windows 11. 

4. State any two functions of operating system,.
 Answer:
Device management:- In a computer system, there is a tremendous speed mismatch between the CPU and the I/O devices. The job of an operating system is to maintain a balance between the CPU and I/O devices. Apart from this, it has to maintain a balance between various I/O devices and has to keep the CPU busy in various processing. Processor Management 
A process or a job is an application program in running state. Processor management is the important part of an OS, which enables the activities of planning, monitoring and performing a process. During execution, a process needs certain resources such as CPU time, memory space, files and I/O devices 

5. Which OS operates on Smartphones and explain any one type of OS? 
Answer: Mobile OS is the type of OS, that operates on Smartphones, Tablets, PDAs or other Digital Mobile devices. Several types of mobile operating systems are available in market as follows: Android, BlackBerry, iOS, Windows etc. Android is a Mobile OS which is based on Linux kernel and primarily designed for touch screen mobile devices. It provides access to a wide range of useful libraries and tools that can be used to build rich applications.

6. Explain types of operating system?

 Types of Operating Systems

1. Single User OS:- it supports only one user at any point of time. There can be two subcategories of this OS type: 

(i) Single Task OS- This OS supports single application at a time e.g., OS for mobiles, MS-DOS etc. (ii) Single User, Multitasking OS- This OS supports one user but can deal with multiple applications running at a time e.g. simultaneously running word document, a video, internet browsing, listening to music etc. Eg. Windows Vista, Windows 7/8, Linux, MacOS Leopard etc. 

2. Multi program OS:-It supports multiprogramming i.e. more than one user can be supported by it, therefore , more than one user programs are loaded and active in the main store at the same time. These active programs are executed using some techniques one by one. E.g. Unix, Linux, IMB AS400 etc. 

3. Time Sharing OS:-This OS uses the time sharing technique. Each active user program is given a fair share of CPU time, if the time elapses or and I/O operation is requested, CPU shifts over to the next job waiting and the previous program is put to wait or handed over to I/O manager. The active programs are scheduled for execution using certain job scheduling techniques. Eg. BSD Unix, NOS/VE, Genie etc.

 4. Real Time OS:-In real time OS, the jobs have fixed deadlines and the jobs have to be completed within their deadline. The system performance is measured by its ability to complete its jobs within the specified deadlines. E.g. LynxOS, RT, Linux etc.

 5. Multiprocessing OS:-The multiprocessing OS is capable of handling more than one processor as the jobs have to be executed on more than one processor. The multiprocessing OS should be capable of load sharing in case of identical processors so that the system’s efficiency improves. In case of unidentical processors, the multiprocessing OS should be able to control the super processor and in turn control the working of slave processors. E.g.- Unix, Linux, Windows NT etc.

7. Give five functions of an operating system.

Answer

The five functions of an operating system are:

  1. Processor Management — An operating system allocates the CPU to various running programs or applications.
  2. Memory Management — An operating system allocates memory to the running processes and de-allocates memory from the process, when it gets completed.
  3. File Management — An operating system governs the permanent storage and retrieval of data from/to an external storage device.
  4. Device Management — An operating system is responsible for proper handling of input and output devices.
  5. User Interface — An operating system establishes a standard means of communication between users and their computer systems.

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