CLASS X Internet service and mobile technologies 17 july 2026

Question 1 What is a web service? Discuss the various web services in brief. 

 Answer A web service is a software system or component that enables applications to communicate and exchange data over the Internet. Internet provides us a host of web services such as: 

 E-mail — E-mail allows users to send and receive written messages electronically. It is a cost-effective and eco-friendly form of communication. 

 Chat — Chat is an online textual conversation happening in realtime. In chatting, the users can instantly send messages back and forth to each other, without caring about any syntax. Chatting can take place via websites in areas known as chat rooms. 

 Video Conferencing — Video Conferencing is a two-way videophone conversation among multiple participants. It allows multiple people, sitting at geographically different locations, to communicate with each other by exchanging video and audio at the same time. 

 E-learning — Electronic Learning refers to a wide range of applications and processes, designed to provide guidance and/or deliver information to students, faculties, or employees of the companies through electronic means. 

 E-banking — E-banking stands for electronic banking. It is the way of performing bank transactions using the Internet. A customer can do plenty of things using E-banking such as he can check the amount in his account, make a FD, transfer the money, apply for loans, etc. E-shopping — E-shopping refers to buying products and services over the Internet. Online sellers describe their products and services through text, photos, and multimedia files. Consumers can purchase a vast variety of products and services from any part of the world. 

 E-reservation — E-reservation means making a reservation or appointment for a service via the Internet. 

 E-governance — E-governance stands for Electronic Governance. It refers to the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in government processes, services, and communications. 

 E-group — An e-group is a virtual meeting place for individuals who share the common interests. It provides a platform for people to share information on topics of their interests, messages, and photo albums. 

Social networking — A Social Networking Site is an online platform that focuses on facilitating the building of social networks or social relations among people who, for example, share interests, activities, backgrounds, or real-life connections. 

 Question 2 What do you understand by mobile technology? Explain 3G and 4G. 

 Answer Mobile technology is a technology which is mainly used for communication in mobile devices. It provides a range of services like voice calling, sending text messages, GPS navigation, sending e-mails, running various applications, conducting a business meeting or chatting in a virtual form without any hassle, and as a gaming console. 3G — 3G is the third generation of wireless mobile technology which made web browsing an enjoyable experience on mobile devices. 3G is an upgrade of 2G and 2.5G networks, with faster Internet speed. 3G has made the streaming of audio and video files possible without any interruption. It provides a data transmission rate up to 2 Mbps. 4G — 4G refers to the fourth generation of wireless communications. It is an IP based packet-switching integrated system with a high-speed data transmission rate of 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps. Nowadays, 4G technology is widely used with other communication technologies like Broadcast and Satellite communication. It provides expanded multimedia services at any time and anywhere as per a user's requirement with high security and high speed. 

 

Question 3 Write the features of e-governance. Answer The features of e-governance are as follows: Accessibility — E-governance offers citizens easy online access to government services and information. 

Transparency — It promotes openness by providing real-time access to government data, reducing corruption. 

Efficiency — Administrative processes are streamlined, cutting paperwork and costs. Citizen Engagement — E-governance fosters two-way communication, allowing feedback and collaboration. Cost-effectiveness — It reduces operational expenses for both government and citizens. 

Data Security — Ensures safe handling of sensitive information. 

24/7 Availability — Online services are accessible anytime, anywhere for citizen convenience.

 Question 4 Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of E-shopping. 

 Answer The advantages of E-shopping are: Convenience — With e-shopping, customers don't have to visit the shops. They can shop from anywhere by logging on the Internet and accessing the online shopping website. This saves them time and travel cost. Information and Reviews — Online stores offer product reviews and helpful information such as usage instructions, manufacturer specifications, and safety guidelines that is helpful to the customers. Price and Selection — Online stores offer discounts with cheap deals and better prices enabled by direct access to manufacturers and a vast global product selection. Compulsive Shopping — Unlike traditional shopping, online shopping allows us to buy what we truly need without indulging into compulsive shopping due to the pressure tactics and selling skills of the shopkeepers. The disadvantages of E-shopping are: Online shopping lacks the personal touch and the ability to physically experience products such as clothing and cosmetics. Online security is a concern, as some websites may not encrypt credit card data, potentially exposing our confidential data to hackers. Only a few sites offer free shipping of products. Hence, the shipping cost acts as a big discouragement for online shoppers. A major problem in e-shopping is the hassle in returning the product and follow up on the refund, or the exchange of items. There is a huge risk of online fraud. Some sites pretend to be selling products at a meagre price, and the customers often receive a low quality or refurbished item for that price. At times, online sites can unexpectedly close after payment, leaving customers without the items they've purchased. 

Question 5 Discuss the basic requirements for connecting to an FTP server.

 Answer The basic requirements for connecting to an FTP server are: FTP Client Software — We must have FTP client software installed on our computer. Popular options include FileZilla, WinSCP, and Cyberduck. Server Address — We need to know the FTP server's address, which can be either a domain name or an IP address. Username and Password — We must have a valid username and password to access the FTP server. This is typically provided by the server administrator or hosting provider. FTP Protocol — We must determine whether we're using standard FTP (insecure) or SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol, secure). Permissions and Access Rights — We must have the necessary permissions and access rights to perform the desired operations on the server, such as uploading or downloading the files. 

 Question 6 Discuss briefly a few disadvantages of video conferencing. 

Answer The disadvantages of video conferencing are: A very reliable and fast connection is needed all the time to conduct video conferencing. Even with a fast connection, there might be a slight delay between responses that can disrupt the natural flow of conversation. The major disadvantage is the technical difficulty associated with it, that is software, hardware, or network failure. It may disrupt the flow of the meeting. High quality dedicated video conferencing systems are expensive to buy. People could be in different time zones around the world. The chances are that some people may have to stay back during odd hours in the night to attend the meeting.

 Question 7 How does an SSH protocol protect data? 

 Answer The SSH (Secure Socket Shell) protocol protects data in the following ways: 

 Before transferring data between the client and the host computer, the SSH calls upon the SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) to authenticate both the server and the client machine. Once the authentication process gets over, the SFTP protocol works on to set a secure channel between the client and the host computer by establishing a secure connection and then only the data transmission is initiated. SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) protects the integrity of the data using encryption and cryptographic hash function techniques. 

Question 8 What do you mean by the term PC banking? 

 Answer PC banking is a type of banking where a person uses a personal computer to access banking information. It requires a secure Internet connection and a Personal Financial Management software, such as Quicken®, Microsoft Money®, etc. With PC banking, we can safely perform our bank transactions like bill payments, fund transfers, check statements, etc., from our home computer.